Combined mantle-cap and burner-cone for incandescent vapor gas-lamps.



c. H. SMITH. COMBINED MANTLE GAP AND BURNER GONE FOR INOANDESOENT VAPOR GAB LAMPS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8, 1910.

, Patented Apr. 4, 1911.

wirbnmeo C. H. SMITH. COMBINED MANTLE GAP AND BURN'BR GONE'FOB INOANDESGENT VAPOR GAS LAMPS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8, 1910.

Patented Apr. 4, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Swueutoz alto-Lump:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES HAZOR SMITH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE MANTLE LAMP COMPANY OF AMERICA, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

COMBINED MANTLE-CAB AND BURNER-CONE FOR INCANDESCENT VAPOR GAS-LAMPS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 4,1911.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES HAzon SMITH, a citizen of the United States residin at Chicago, in the county of Cook and tate of Illmois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Mantle-Caps and Burner-Cones for Incan descent Vapor Gas-Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it a pertains to make and use the same.

l\/ y invention relates to a combined mantle cap and burner cone for incandescent vapor gas lamps of the blue flame wick type.

My. improved mantle cap is especially adapted for use on the Argand type of lamp which employs a tubular Wick and has a central air passage extending up through the wick. The incandescent lamp of this type, as now constructed, also comprises a perforated body supporting a chimney gallery having a burner cone made as an integral part thereof. Said burner' cone is spaced away from the outside of the wick, and air is fed up through it from the perforated body. A perforated air distributer or gasifier is arranged in the upper end of the passage extending through the wick. The pure carbon vapor, which is given off by the wick, is mixed, with the opposing currents of air issuing from the gasifier and rising through the cone to form the proper mixture to give the desired blue flame which produces the heat necessary to make the glow in the mantle. The proper mixture is rom six to eight per cent. of the pure carbon vapor with from ninetyfour to ninety-two per cent. of air. The mixing is promoted, of course, by the draft created by the chimney, but this mixing takes place within the very small space, or

annular chamber, in the. upper portion of the cone and extending from the horizontal plane of the top of the wick to the inwardly turned flange at the upper edge of said cone.

As the mixing of the vapor and air, essential.

to maintaining the proper combustion, is confined to this limited space at the top, by the flange on the cone, the importance of the cone, especially the upper portion and flange thereof, will be immediately appreciated. In the first place, it may be noted that the cone embodies the principal air adjustments and is the principal wearing part of the the cone in one piece wit tainec by suitable small individual gas-making machine with which each lamp s. is provided.- Consequently, the cone neeclsto be renewed more frequently than any other part of the burner. The essential uniform shape of the flange on the cone may be changed sooner "or later, and from one cause or another.

This may be due to a 'knock,'or a defect in material, etc in the course of manufacture, but is more tense heat to which it'is subjected. As the flame should be parallel to the mantle, and as near thereto as possible without actually touching it, which often destroys a mantle, the importance of having a flange of proper form 1n order to secure the greatest 1 frequently the result of the inminating power to the mantle and to preserve the same will be fully appreciated.

When the flange on the permanent cone,

of a lam of a construction heretofore used is warpe by the heat or its sha e is chan d from any mechanical cause, suc as an accidental knock in filling the lamp, adjusting a ew mantle thereto, or in any other way, the whole lamp immediately becomes defective and will not give a satisfactory light, irrespective of whether an old or new mantle'is used thereon. The reason for this is that as soon as any portion of the flange of the cone is raised above or lowered below its proper and normal position, it will cause the flame to shoot out against the" side of the mantle instead of maintaining said flame in arallel positionthereto. It will be understood that the adjustment of the flange of thecone partiallygoverns the form of the flame by the counter-balancing of the air currents which radiate from the distributer and which flow up throughthe cone. The air coming from the cone must have suflicient force to throw the flame out "near to the surface of the mantle, but the adjustment must be such that the flame will not shoot out too far and thereby come in contact with the mantle, in which event the mantle is usually destroyed. A defective cone may destroy several mantles in succession w1thout producing good light and. without the user knowing the cause thereof.

It is the usual practice at resent to make the chimney galIe'r the raisin of the cone being ob-. flies which also form the and downwardly extendhorizontal portion gallery.

ing flange on the outer edge of the "This accounts for the major part of-the mantle which means an extra thickness of creases the inductive heat imparted to the time a new mantle is required. By so doing,

.-factory. The consumer, when he purchases 'mantle is discarded, and begin the use of a ,new mantle with a true cone fresh from the .with' respect to the burner conewithout leav the support for each mantle is permanently spect to the burner and chimney. It is also of my combined mantle cap and burner cone,

troubles experienced by users of this style of lamp. c

Another important consideration in the use of a burner having a permanent mixing cone is that it requires a separate cap for the metal around the cone and necessarily inlamp. When my invention is used, this extra thickness of metal is eliminated and the heat reduced by reason of my combining the mantle cap and burner cone in one and the same piece.

It is the object of my invention to provide for renewing the cone of the burner each- I get rid of the probable cause of the de struction of the old mantle, which is generally unknown to the user, when said old dies.

Another object is to provide for the proper mounting and adjustment of each mantle ing this adjustment 'tobe made by the user. It should be understood that there is a wide difference in the shapes of mantles, even when they are made to the same pattern. In other words, any two given mantles of the same size may difier materially as to their vertical axes or median lines. In making my combined mantle caps and burner cones,

adjusted by a skilled workman to exactly conform to its cone before the combined mantle, mantle support and cone leaves the one of my mantles which is confined on one of my combined m antle caps and burner cones, not only renews the most vital part of the burner, namely the cone, but also secures a mantle which is already' accurately adjusted to proper relative position with rea fact that the altitude of the place where the lamp is used affects the mixture of air and vapor by causing a greater or smaller pro-- portion of air to be mixed with the vapor. In order to meet these conditions, I propose to vary the diameter and height, of the cone which constitutes the retortor mixing chamber as well as the air adjustments. With my invention, which provides a new mixing cone with every mantle, I can easily make the cones to suit each locality in which the mantles are to be used, by either expanding or contracting the upper portion of the cone I mean a support for a mantle to which the latter is confined so that the substitution of a new mantle necessitates the use of a new support or cap. When my invention is used, the substitution of a new burner cone is also furnished with each new mantle, but with out any additional expense above the cost of the ordinary mounted mantle now' in use.

The invention also consists of-the features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter described and specified in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a lamp equipped with one of my combined mantle caps and burner cones. Fig. 2 is an enlarged central verticalsection of the upper portion of the burner, with the combined mantle cap and burner cone removed. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detailed view of the combined mantle cap and burner cone. Fig. 4

' is an enlarged vertical sectional view of one of the ears on the cone, showing how the ends of the mantle-supporting wire or bail are secured to the ears after said bail has been properly adjusted, and Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the gasifier or air distributer on an enlarged scale.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1. designates the liquid fuel-holding bowl or reservoir which is supported on a \pedestal 2. The inner wick tube, 3, extends down through the reservoir, as usual, and the outer wick tube, 4, is arranged concentrically of the inner tube and terminates a little below the top of the latter. The chimney'balceny, 5, is supported on the perforated body, 6, and, instead of the ordinary burner cone, is provided with a vertical annular flange, 7', spaced. away fromthe outer wick tube and terminating below the upper end thereof. ,Said flange is, preferably, provided with projecting pins, 8, which engage angular slots, 9, opening on the lower edge of the cone, 10, of the combinedmantle cap and burner cone. It will be understood, however, that any other suitable fastening means may be employed for securing the cone to the flange 7. Said cone, 10, is preferably made of brass and formed by dieswhich make its inwardly turned flange, 11, perfectly true. To diametrically opposite faces of the cone,

there are secured projecting ears, 12, each having an upright tubular-portion, 13, into which the extremities of the looped wire mantle support, 14, are fitted. Sa d mantle support has a notch, 15, in the center of its upper horizontal portion to retain the suspension loop, 16, of the mantle, 17. It will be observed that the mantle is confined to the support when the latter is secured to the cone, so that the Whole device, including the cone, is in reality the mantle mounting or cap.

When a mantle is mounted on the wire support at the factory, and the extremities of said support are inserted in the tubular portions, 13, the side portions of the support or bail are adjusted vertically until the mantle is properly centered over the cone. When -the proper adjustment of the mantle is se tremities, as illustrated at 18 in Fig. 4. Any

other suitable .means for; permanently attaching the extremities of the bail to the cone a er said cone and hail, the latter hav ing the mantle hung thereon, have been properlyadjusted, may, however, be em- .ployed instead of the means I have just described.

While any suitable construction of gasifier, or air distributer, may be used in connection with my combined mantle ,cap and burner cone, I prefer to use the one illustrated in the accompanying drawings. This air distributer, 19, has a series of parallel oblique slots, 20, in its vertical annular Wall. Said slots are preferably arranged at 'an angle of about forty-five degrees. They impart a swirling motion to the air discharged through them which promotes the mixture thereof with the gas. The central portion, 21, of the top of'the gasifier is raised so that the top, as a whole, assumes the general form of atruncated cone. The sides of the cone, however, are concave, as at 22, to produce a vacuum above the oblique slots, 20, which. draws the gas inwardly and downwardly toward the center thereby. aiding combustion and tending to make the flame mount higher in the mantle. The raised portion, 21, is provided with an auxiliary or secondary air inlet opening, 23,'which furnishes air to the burnin gas above the vacuum' formed around t e concave portion the gas. Said slots, 24, are preferably ta- Said opening,

pered, their extremities being pointed, as at 25, in order to gradually limit the volume of air emitted by said slots as they extend farther away from the central opening 23.

The purpose of this construction is to shoot the air, from said secondary opening and its tributary slots, as far up into the mantle, as possible, whereby oxygen is furnished to the burning gases in the upper end of the mantle to effect complete combustion.

I claim:

1. As an article of manufacture, a coinbined mantle cap and burner cone, for incandescent vapor gas lamps of the blue flame wick type, comprising a mixing cone, a looped wire mantle support having its extremities permanentlysecured to said cone, and a mantle permanently secured on said support.

2. As an article of manufacture, a combined mantle cap and burner cone,for incandescent vapor gas lamps of the blue flame type, com rising a mixing cone, a looped wire mant e support having its extremities permanently secured to said cone, a mantle permanently secured on said support, and

means for locking the cone upon a burner'u 3. The combination, with the body of an incandescent vapor gas burner and a tubular wick, of a chimney galler supported thereon, an air distributer an gasifier arranged within the upper end of the wick and having slots in its vertical annular wall, and a combined mantle cap and mixing cone detachably mounted on the chimney gallery, the upper edge of said cone being arranged in a horizontal plane which cuts the slots in said air distributer intermediately of their extremities.

4. The combination, with the body of an incandescent vapor gas burner and a tubular wick, of a chimney gallery supported thereon'and having a vertical annular flange arranged concentrically. thereof and spaced away from the wick, an air distributer and gasifier arranged within the upper end of the wick'and having slots in its vertical annular wall, and a combined mantle cap and mixing cone detachably secured to said flange, the upper edge of said cone being arranged in a horizontal planewhich' cuts the slots in said air distributer intermediatel-y of their extremities.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES HAZOR SMITH.

Witnesses:

A. M. PARKINS, Gno. A. HuToHmsoN. 

